Avtor: mag. Jure Bukovec, Svetilnik
Dne: 14. maj 2012
Od leta 2005 v Evropski uniji deluje mehanizem trgovanja z emisijskimi kuponi (EU ETS), cilj katerega je zmanjšati izpuste toplogrednih plinov (TGP) v ozračje, ter tako izpolniti zastavljene cilje, h katerim so se zavezale članice EU v skladu s Kjotskim Protokolom. EU ETS je daleč najobširnejša politika omejevanja TGP na svetu, ki trenutno vpliva na delovanje skoraj 12.000 podjetij, ki delujejo v EU. Izpusti podjetij, zajetih v ta mehanizem, predstavljajo preko 40% vseh TGP proizvedenih na območju EU.
Čeprav sistem trgovanja z emisijskimi kuponi temelji na delovanju tržnih mehanizmov, obstaja še vedno preveč političnih in drugih silnic, ki omejujejo učinkovito delovanje tega sistema.
V tem članku bom poskušal predstaviti glavne probleme, ki onemogočajo učinkovito delovanje ETS, ter nekatere alternativne ideje, s katerimi bi lahko omejili onesnaževanje ter tako izboljšali okolje v katerem živimo.
Since 2005 an emission trading scheme has been operating in the European Union (EU ETS), with the aim of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), and thus fulfilling the targets to which the EU member states have binded themselves in accordance with the Kyoto Protocol. EU ETS is by far the biggest and most extensive policy limiting the GHG in the world, which currently affects approximately 12.000 companies in the EU. Emissions from these companies represent more than 40% of the overall emissions in the EU area.
Although the background of the emission trading scheme is market-based, there are still too many factors preventing the scheme to become an efficient and effective tool to reduce GHG emissions. In this paper I will try to shed a light on the main problems affecting the ETS.
Also, I will present a few alternative ideas, with which the policy-makers could limit pollution, and thus better the environment in which we live.
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